16S rRNA gene amplicon dataset of prokaryotic communities from a subantarctic marine ecosystem: Ushuaia Bay and surrounding waters

We provide a 16S rRNA gene dataset of prokaryotic assemblages of a subantarctic marine ecosystem. Samples were collected at 2 stations (one near Ushuaia Bay and the other close to Bridges islands in the Beagle Channel). At each station, 2 depths (subsurface and bottom waters) were sampled in february, march, may and september during 2018, giving a total of 10 samples. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (V4 hypervariable region) was performed with the Illumina MiSeq platform. A total of 1116 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were recovered from the dataset. The sequences were taxonomically assigned to Alphaproteobacteria (23 ± 2%, mean ± standard error), Gammaproteobacteria (17 ± 1.5%), Flavobacteriia (8 ± 2%), Deltaproteobacteria (3.7 ± 0.5%), Acidimicrobiia (1.7 ± 0.1%), Planctomycetia (1.9 ± 0.4%), and AB16 group (1.7 ± 0.3%). Sequences affiliated with Archaea were abundant, reaching one third of analyzed sequences, mainly Thaumarchaeota (22 ± 3%), and Thermoplasmata (10 ± 1%). Together, sequences assigned to all these groups accounted for more than 90% of the sequences. This dataset constitutes a valuable resource for future scientific research aiming to unveil the role of these communities in ecosystem services such as carbon and nutrient cycling, and pollutants degradation. This will turn into benefits for future environmental monitoring and preservation actions, considering the tangible heritage of Ushuaia Bay and surrounding waters.Fil: Rodriguez Florez, Clara Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Malits, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Lozada, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos; Argentin

Contrasting ecological regimes of microbial plankton along beagle channel and burdwood bank in sub-antarctic waters

Marine microbial plankton hold high structuraland functional diversity, however, high-resolution data are lacking in a largepart of the Global Ocean. The Burdwood Bank (BB) hosts rich benthicbiodiversity in low chlorophyll waters of the southern Patagonian Shelf,Argentina. So far, the microorganisms that sustain the productivity over thebank have not been described. During austral summer 2016, we assessed themicrobial plankton (0.2-200 µm cell size) diversity and biomass along alongitudinal transect (54.2-55.3°S, 58-68°W) from the Beagle Channel (BC) tothe BB, characterized by contrasting hydrography. Results displayed a markedzonation in the composition and structure of the microbial communities.Protistan phytoplankton biomass was 28 times higher in the BC than in oceanicwaters above the BB, attributed mainly to large diatom blooms. In contrast,over the BB, small coccolithophores such as Emilianiahuxleyi, nanoflagellates and phototrophic picoplankton dominated. In turn,the biomass of microheterotrophs above the BB doubled the biomass in the BC dueto large ciliates and dinoflagellates. Notably, toxic phytoplankton species andtheir associated phycotoxins were detected, in particular high abundance of Dinophysis acuminata and pectenotoxinsabove the bank, highlighting their prevalence in open subpolar regions.Picoeukaryotes and Synechococcus wereremarkably important over the bank, both at surface and deep waters. Theirbiomass surpassed that of phototrophic protists by 5 times, emphasizing theimportance of small-sized phytoplankton in low chlorophyll waters. Thehomogeneous water column and high retention over the bank seem to favor thedevelopment of picophytoplankton and microzooplankton and their exportation tothe benthos. Overall, our findings unfold the plankton configuration in theSouthern Patagonian Shelf, ascribed as a sink for anthropogenic CO2,and highlight the diverse ecological traits that microorganisms develop toadjust their yield to changing conditions.Fil: Guinder, Valeria Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; ArgentinaFil: Malits, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Ferronato, Carola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; ArgentinaFil: Krock, Bernd. Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Bremerhaven; AlemaniaFil: Garzon Cardona, John Edison. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Química del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Química. Instituto de Química del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Ana M.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Química del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Química. Instituto de Química del Sur; ArgentinaXVIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Ciencias del MarArgentinaAsociación Latinoamericana de Investigadores en Ciencias del Ma

Microbial plankton configuration in the epipelagic realm from the Beagle Channel to the Burdwood Bank, a Marine Protected Area in Sub-Antarctic waters

Marine microbial plankton hold high structural and functional diversity, however, highresolution data are lacking in a large part of the Global Ocean, such as in subpolar areas of the SW Atlantic. The Burdwood Bank (BB) is a submerged plateau (average depth 100 m) that constitutes the westernmost segment of the North Scotia Ridge (54°-55°S; 56°-62°W). The BB hosts rich benthic biodiversity in low chlorophyll waters of the southern Patagonian Shelf, Argentina, declared NamuncuráMarine Protected Area (NMPA) in 2013. So far, the pelagic microorganisms above the bank have not been described. During austral summer 2016, we assessed the microbial plankton (0.2-200 μm cell size) biomass and their taxonomical and functional diversity along a longitudinal transect (54.2-55.3°S, 58-68°W) from the Beagle Channel (BC) to the BB, characterized by contrasting hydrography. Results displayed a marked zonation in the composition and structure of the microbial communities. The biomass of phytoplankton >5 μm was 28 times higher in the BC, attributed mainly to large diatom blooms, than in oceanic waters above the BB, where the small coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and flagellates 5 μm, emphasizing the importance of small-sized phytoplankton in low chlorophyll waters. The homogeneous water column and high retention above the bank seem to favor the development of abundant picophytoplankton and microzooplankton communities. Overall, our findings unfold the plankton configuration in the Southern Patagonian Shelf, ascribed as a sink for anthropogenic CO2, and highlight the diverse ecological traits that microorganisms develop to adjust their yield to changing conditions.Fil: Guinder, Valeria Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; ArgentinaFil: Malits, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Ferronato, Carola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; ArgentinaFil: Krock, Bernd. Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung; AlemaniaFil: Garzon Cardona, John Edison. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Química del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Química. Instituto de Química del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Química del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Química. Instituto de Química del Sur; Argentin

Viral-mediated microbe mortality modulated by ocean acidification and eutrophication: Consequences for the carbon fluxes through the microbial food web

Anthropogenic carbon emissions are causing changes in seawater carbonate chemistry including a decline in the pH of the oceans. While its aftermath for calcifying microbes has been widely studied, the effect of ocean acidification (OA) on marine viruses and their microbial hosts is controversial, and even more in combination with another anthropogenic stressor, i.e., human-induced nutrient loads. In this study, two mesocosm acidification experiments with Mediterranean waters from different seasons revealed distinct effects of OA on viruses and viral-mediated prokaryotic mortality depending on the trophic state and the successional stage of the plankton community. In the winter bloom situation, low fluorescence viruses, the most abundant virus-like particle (VLP) subpopulation comprising mostly bacteriophages, were negatively affected by lowered pH with nutrient addition, while the bacterial host abundance was stimulated. High fluorescence viruses, containing cyanophages, were stimulated by OA regardless of the nutrient conditions, while cyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus were negatively affected by OA. Moreover, the abundance of very high fluorescence viruses infecting small haptophytes tended to be lower under acidification while their putative hosts\u27 abundance was enhanced, suggesting a direct and negative effect of OA on viral–host interactions. In the oligotrophic summer situation, we found a stimulating effect of OA on total viral abundance and the viral populations, suggesting a cascading effect of the elevated pCO2 stimulating autotrophic and heterotrophic production. In winter, viral lysis accounted for 30 ± 16% of the loss of bacterial standing stock per day (VMMBSS) under increased pCO2 compared to 53 ± 35% in the control treatments, without effects of nutrient additions while in summer, OA had no significant effects on VMMBSS (35 ± 20% and 38 ± 5% per day in the OA and control treatments, respectively). We found that phage production and resulting organic carbon release rates significantly reduced under OA in the nutrient replete winter situation, but it was also observed that high nutrient loads lowered the negative effect of OA on viral lysis, suggesting an antagonistic interplay between these two major global ocean stressors in the Anthropocene. In summer, however, viral-mediated carbon release rates were lower and not affected by lowered pH. Eutrophication consistently stimulated viral production regardless of the season or initial conditions. Given the relevant role of viruses for marine carbon cycling and the biological carbon pump, these two anthropogenic stressors may modulate carbon fluxes through their effect on viruses at the base of the pelagic food web in a future global change scenario

Limnological characteristics, phytoplankton structure and bathymetry of Laguna Negra, a coloured lake from the National Park Tierra del Fuego (Argentina)

El 4% de la provincia de Tierra del Fuego se encuentra cubierto por agua. Son frecuentes en la zona cordillerana los cuerpos de agua de aguas coloreados como Laguna Negra, ubicado en el Parque Nacional Tierra del Fuego. Se realizó una caracterización limnológica y batimétrica; se monitorearon con una frecuencia mensual las principales variables fisicoquímicas y se tomaron muestras para el estudio cuantitativo de la comunidad fitoplanctónica entre septiembre de 2016 y marzo de 2018, durante el período libre de hielo (n = 15). La Laguna Negra resultó ser un cuerpo de agua más profundo de lo que a priori se esperaba por estar emplazada en un turbal, con una profundidad máxima de 15.5 metros. Esta profundidad máxima plantea un posible origen tectónico con posterior modelado glaciar lo que permite clasificar a Laguna Negra como un lago. El pH del agua fue 7,5±0,55 con muy poca variación durante el período de estudio (coeficiente de variación, CV = 8.3%). Las concentraciones de nutrientes disueltos y totales (nitrógeno y fósforo) resultaron en general bajas y con muy poca fluctuación a lo largo del año. Esta misma tendencia, a la poca variabilidad temporal, se vio reflejada en la concentración de carbono orgánico disuelto (COD, 7,7±0,78 mg L-1, CV = 10%). La riqueza de fitoplancton fluctuó entre 6 y 13 taxones a lo largo del estudio. El biovolumen algal estuvo inversamente correlacionado con el coeficiente de atenuación vertical de la luz, Kd. La biomasa de fitoplancton fue en general baja tanto en concentración de clorofila a como en abundancia y biovolumen, con dominancia de Dinobryon divergens, Mallomonas sp. y Parvodinium cf. inconspicuum. La Laguna Negra, cuerpo de agua coloreado podría considerarse húmica o distrófica dependiendo de la clasificación utilizada ya que su color se encuentra al límite de los valores empleados en las actuales categorizaciones.The 4% of the Argentinian sector from Tierra del Fuego is covered with water. Colored lakes are among the most conspicuous water bodies in the Andean area, and Laguna Negra, in the National Park Tierra del Fuego, is one of them. The main physical and chemical variables were monitored and phytoplankton samples were obtained with a monthly frequency during the ice-free period, between September 2016 and March 2018 (n=15). Laguna Negra was deeper than expected, with a maximum depth of 15.5 m. In addition, this lake has high pH values (7.5±0.55), which were quite stable during the study (variation coefficient, VC=8.3%). These characteristics preclude us from considering this lake as a shallow peatland lake. Dissolved and total nutrients were low and did not show a temporal pattern of fluctuation during the study period. The same trend of no clear fluctuation was also shared by dissolved organic carbon concentration (DOC=7.7±0.78 mg/L). Taxa richness ranged between 6 and 13 throughout the study. The biovolume was inversely correlated with the vertical attenuation coefficient of light (Kd). Phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a concentration, abundance, and biovolume) was generally low, with Dinobryon divergens, Mallomonas sp. and Parvodinium cf. inconspicuum being the dominant taxa. Depending on the classification used, Laguna Negra might be regarded as a humic or dystrophic lake because its color is at the edge of values used in the current literature to consider a lake as humic.Fil: Rodriguez, Patricia Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez Garraza, Gabriela Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Granitto, María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Malits, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: López, Gustavo Ramiro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Mataloni, Maria Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Coronato, Andrea Maria Josefa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Veira, Florencia Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentin

Research Data Infrastructure Development for Digital Editions Using the Example of the University of Zurich: Challenges, Experiences and Prospects

Für die nachhaltige Verfügbarkeit von Forschungsdaten im Allgemeinen und von digitalen Editionen im Besonderen fehlt es in der Schweiz nach wie vor an Infrastrukturen. Neben technischen Lösungen gelten Koordination und ein verlässliches Netzwerk von Dienstleistungen als Gelingensvoraussetzung für die nachhaltige Verfügbarkeit von Daten. Im Jahr 2014 publizierte der Schweizerische Nationalfonds (SNF) neue Fördermöglichkeiten für digitale Editionsprojekte im Rahmen der Infrastrukturförderung und initiierte damit Strukturbildungsprozesse auf lokaler und auch nationaler Ebene. Zu den wichtigsten Voraussetzungen einer möglichen Förderung zählte entsprechend die Vorlage eines Konzepts zur Gewährleistung der langfristigen Verfügbarkeit der digitalen Edition. Die Frage der Sicherstellung der digitalen Langzeitverfügbarkeit im Rahmen eines Konzepts adressierte auch Hochschulen und Gedächtnisinstitutionen bzw. deren Rolle und Verantwortlichkeit. Vor diesem Hintergrund schlossen sich vier Editionsprojekte der Universität Zürich (UZH), die Zentralbibliothek Zürich (ZB) sowie die auf Forschungs-IT spezialisierte Abteilung S3IT der UZH zusammen und erarbeiteten ein Kooperationskonzept. Der Artikel beleuchtet diese neuen Kooperationsstrukturen, schildert den Status quo und skizziert mögliche nächste Schritte auf dem Weg zu einer lokal und national koordinierten Infrastrukturlösung für digitale Editionen.Sustainable infrastructure solutions for research data and particularly for digital editions are still missing in Switzerland. It is generally assumed that in order to be successful and sustainable data infrastructures should be based on coordinated networks of dedicated service providers. The Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) invited researchers responsible for current or planned digital editions to participate in a call in 2014. That call included the announcement, that as of 2017, the SNSF would support edition projects only within the scope of the infrastructure funding. Researchers were therefore required to think about the sustainability of the digital data generated within their projects. This was the starting point for new cooperations, since Higher Education Institutions and libraries were requested to get involved as well. Therefore, at UZH a plan was devised on how the research projects, the Central Library and the department for Service and Support for Science IT (S3IT) would collaborate. This paper outlines the new cooperation forms, describes the status quo and discusses possible further steps towards a sustainable data infrastructure for digital editions.Peer Reviewe

Campaña binacional Argentina Chile. Canal Beagle 2019 (Código de campaña VA11/19): Materia orgánica coloreada/fluorescente disuelta (CDOM/FDOM)

Los datos de la materia orgánica coloreada/fluorescente disuelta (CDOM/FDOM) corresponden a la campaña denominada "Canal Beagle 2019. Campaña binacional Argentina-Chile", código INIDEP VA-11/19 realizada entre el 9 y 15 de noviembre en el área compartida del Canal Beagle. El objetivo central de la campaña fue realizar un estudio interdisciplinario en el Canal Beagle y en la zona sudeste de la Isla de Tierra del Fuego, dentro de un marco de colaboración bilateral entre instituciones argentinas (CADIC e INIDEP) y chilenas (UACh, UMAG, UdeC, coordinados por el Centro IDEAL). Se seleccionaron tres áreas con características contrastantes: las zonas oeste y este del Paso McKinley, y la zona sudeste de la Isla de Tierra del Fuego. En dicha campaña se obtuvo información que permitirá estudiar los efectos de la acidificación y la hipoxia sobre la "Bomba Biológica" de carbono y sobre distintos niveles de las tramas tróficas en el Canal Beagle, con énfasis en especies de importancia ecológica y/o comercial. Se realizaron mediciones continuas de presión parcial de CO2 (pCO2), salinidad, temperatura y fluorescencia subsuperficiales, mediciones de corrientes con ADCP e hidroacústica. Asimismo, se ejecutaron perfilados verticales de columna de agua CTD y toma de muestras de agua con roseta. Por último, se realizaron dos estaciones fijas para medición de variables cada 6 horas durante un período de 48 horas por estación. En dichas estaciones fijas se realizó muestreos de organismos planctónicos con redes de apertura y cierre múltiple, redes para fitoplancton, redes bongo, FRRF y muestras de sedimento con snapper. Al comienzo de la campaña se instaló una trampa de sedimentos, la cual fue recuperada al concluir la misma. Por último, se realizó un fondeo de un perfilador de corrientes. La campaña se cumplimentó exitosamente permitiendo concretar el 100 % de los objetivos propuestos.Fil: Malits, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentin

Nemo nostrum solide natus est : Körpergeschichten in Petrons Satyrica

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, Bedeutungszusammenhänge in der Rede über das Essen und die Liebe für Petrons Satyrica aufzuzeigen. Der Ich-Erzähler Enkolp berichtet von verschiedenen sexuellen und kulinarischen Abenteuern. Anders als sein Vorbild Odysseus bleibt er als Frauenheld bei Kirke glücklos, weil er sich als impotent erweist. Die kulinarischen Kunstwerke während des Gastmahls des Trimalchio sind für Enkolp nicht schmackhaft, sondern ekelerregend. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Hauptthese entwickelt, dass in den Satyrica zwei verschiedene Zeichen- und Sinnsysteme verhandelt werden. Garant des Sinnsystems ‚Logos’ ist die Sprache, und der Entzifferung von Lebenssinn entspricht in diesem Fall die Unsterblichkeit der Idee. Exemplarisch wird dieses Sinnsystem mit der Idee der odysseischen Geschlechterordnung aufgezeigt und gleichzeitig durch Enkolps Impotenz unterlaufen. Das Sinnsystem ‚Leib’ wird durch die Figur Trimalchios repräsentiert. Seine Speisekunstwerke sind Zeichen für den Prozess von Leben, Vergänglichkeit und Tod, für Körperlichkeit und Sterblichkeit. Enkolp findet keinen Geschmack an diesen Kunstwerken und verlässt das Gastmahl fluchtartig und ekelerfüllt. In den Körpergeschichten Petrons wird die Frage entfaltet, was Lebenssinn und Kultur zwischen der Unsterblichkeit der (entkörperlichten) Idee und der Vergeudung im sinnlichen Genuss heissen könnten. Mit der Dichterfigur des Eumolp wird am Ende des nur in Fragmenten erhaltenen Werkes die Problematik der unterschiedlichen Sinnsysteme aufgenommen. Im literarischen Bild einer Kultur als Diät wird eine mögliche Antwort angedeutet. The aim of this dissertation is to explore the nexus of meanings with regard to food and love in Petronius’ Satyrica. Encolpius, the first-person narrator, tells stories about his various sexual and culinary adventures. Unlike his model Odysseus, however, he is far from succeeding as a womanizer in the case of Circe, as he turns out to be sexually impotent; and the culinary masterpieces offered at the occasion of Trimalchio’s feast do not tempt but rather disgust him. I am trying to show that two systems of signs and meanings are being negotiated in the Satyrica. One system of meaning might be labelled ‚Logos’ since it refers to language; the deciphering of the meaning of life here is bound up with the immortality of the idea. This system of meaning is exemplified by the Odyssean order of sex/gender and is, at the same time, undermined by Encolpius’ impotence. The other system of meaning, represented by Trimalchio, is linked to the body. Trimalchio’s culinary masterpieces can be read as signs of life, evanescence, and death, of corporeity and mortality. Encolpius develops no taste for these works of art celebrating evanescence and flees from the banquet in disgust. Petronius’ stories investigate the meaning of life and culture between the extremes of immortality of the (disembodied) idea and the lavishness of sensual indulgence. The dilemma of the differing systems of meaning is taken up again at the end of the surviving fragment of the novel in the figure of the poet Eumolpius. The literary image this figure conveys, that of a culture understood as a form of diet, might hint at a possible answer